• Overview
    • Scam Map
    • Kill Chain
Recents

    Conversations will appear here

Technique

Review Manipulation

Also known as: Fake Reviews, Review Bombing, Review Fraud, Brushing Scam, Review Farming, Rating Manipulation, Fleeceware Reviews

MANIPULATION

Flooding platforms with fake positive reviews or suppressing negative ones to boost scam products, fraudulent sellers, or malicious apps.

Common attack flows

How it fits in a scam

This technique shows up duringMANIPULATION

Before

  • Sock Puppet NetworkMANIPULATION

After

  • Influence OperationDELIVERY

Defense

How to defend against this

How to spot it

  • Cluster of 5-star reviews posted within short timeframe
  • Generic vague praise without specific product details
  • Reviewer history shows reviews for unrelated product categories
  • Identical phrases appearing across multiple reviews
  • Sudden spike in reviews for previously obscure product
  • Reviewer profile has no other reviews or only reviews same brand
  • Reviews mention free product or received in exchange
  • Excessive use of first-person pronouns and scene-setting language
  • Third-party tools like Fakespot or ReviewMeta flag as suspicious
  • Unsolicited package arrives indicating brushing scam using your name
  • App store reviews mention no specific features just generic praise
  • Verified purchase badge missing on majority of positive reviews

Further reading

  • FTC

    FTC rule banning fake reviews

  • FTC Final Rule

    Bans AI-generated fake reviews

  • BBB

    Brushing scam explainer

  • McAfee

    Brushing scam protection

  • WIRED

    Detection strategies for consumers

Related techniques

Same stage

  • Extended Trust Building
  • Off-Platform Luring
  • Urgency Creation
  • Small Win Engineering
  • Isolation Tactics
  • +8 more